Convert Haskell to Go using AI

Features

• Translation of invalid or incomplete source code
• Customizable conversion via inline instructions, use tag in comments
• Convert unformatted source code snippets
• Translation of complex syntax expressions
• Syntax, semantic and pragmatic of target programming language is considered during translation

Translation Challenges

Type System Differences

Haskell's type system is more expressive than Go's, featuring type classes, GADTs, and more. This makes translating Haskell's type constructs into Go's simpler type system challenging.

Example:

Haskell:

class Show a where
    show :: a -> String

Go:

type Show interface {
    Show() string
}

For more details, refer to the Haskell Type Classes documentation.

Lazy Evaluation

Haskell employs lazy evaluation, meaning expressions are not evaluated until their values are needed. Go, on the other hand, uses strict evaluation, which can lead to different performance characteristics and behavior.

Example:

Haskell:

let x = undefined
let y = 5
x + y  -- x is never evaluated

Go:

x := func() int { panic("undefined") }
y := 5
x() + y  // causes panic

For more information, see the Haskell Lazy Evaluation documentation.

Higher-Order Functions

Haskell allows functions to be passed as arguments and returned from other functions seamlessly. Go supports first-class functions but lacks some syntactic sugar.

Example:

Haskell:

applyTwice f x = f (f x)

Go:

func applyTwice(f func(int) int, x int) int {
    return f(f(x))
}

Refer to the Haskell Functions documentation for more details.

Pattern Matching

Haskell's pattern matching allows for concise and expressive code, while Go relies on more verbose if-else or switch statements.

Example:

Haskell:

case x of
    1 -> "one"
    2 -> "two"
    _ -> "other"

Go:

switch x {
case 1:
    return "one"
case 2:
    return "two"
default:
    return "other"
}

For more information, see the Haskell Pattern Matching documentation.

Monads and Effects

Haskell's use of monads for managing side effects is a unique feature that does not have a direct equivalent in Go, making translation complex.

Example:

Haskell:

import Control.Monad

main = do
    x <- return 5
    print x

Go:

func main() {
    x := 5
    fmt.Println(x)
}

For more details, refer to the Haskell Monads documentation.

Algebraic Data Types

Haskell's algebraic data types allow for complex data structures, while Go primarily uses structs, which can lead to less expressive translations.

Example:

Haskell:

data Shape = Circle Float | Rectangle Float Float

Go:

type Shape struct {
    Type string
    Radius float64 // for Circle
    Width float64  // for Rectangle
    Height float64 // for Rectangle
}

For more information, see the Haskell Data Types documentation.

Concurrency Models

Haskell's concurrency model, based on Software Transactional Memory (STM) and lightweight threads, differs significantly from Go's goroutines and channels.

Example:

Haskell:

import Control.Concurrent

main = do
    forkIO (putStrLn "Hello from Haskell!")
    threadDelay 1000000

Go:

func main() {
    go func() {
        fmt.Println("Hello from Go!")
    }()
    time.Sleep(time.Second)
}

For more details, refer to the Haskell Concurrency documentation.

Type Inference

Haskell's advanced type inference allows for more concise code, while Go requires explicit type declarations, which can lead to verbosity.

Example:

Haskell:

add x y = x + y

Go:

func add(x int, y int) int {
    return x + y
}

For more information, see the Haskell Type Inference documentation.